

| Measurement Principle of the Birefringence Measurement System PA/WPA Series
Four papers explain the understanding of birefringence, as well as the measurement principles and characteristics of our equipment.
1. Basics of Birefringence Measurement
2. Measurement Principles of the PA/WPA Series Birefringence Measurement System
3. Basic Structure of the System and Measurement Examples
4. Range Limitation and Range Extension via the WPA Series
| Basic Structure of the Polarization Image Sensor
Miniature polarization filters are integrated and arranged in front of the CCD image sensor.
Please also refer to this page regarding special image sensor manufacturing technology.
| Polarization Imaging Sensor Technology and Measurement Principle
Calculation of polarization information from the intensity of 4 adjacent pixels
[Relationship between Input Polarization and Intensity Pattern]


[Calculation Principle]
Intensity is assumed to follow a sinusoidal form.
Therefore, knowing just 4 points on the curve allows the complete restoration of all information for any input polarization.
Polarization Plate Angle Intensity patterns are related to the polarization state at each location.

Birefringence data (phase change and axis direction) are presented as quantitative data at each point.
| Measurement Example: Lens

Retardation Distribution Axis Direction
• Detailed quantitative evaluation and comparison among multiple datasets are possible.
• Minute differences between two datasets can be easily identified in the displayed image.

Phase change along the lens circumference